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Compare Norfolk Island (2006) - Kiribati (2008)

Compare Norfolk Island (2006) z Kiribati (2008)

 Norfolk Island (2006)Kiribati (2008)
 Norfolk IslandKiribati
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)
Age structure 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (2006 est.)
0-14 years: 38.2% (male 20,886/female 20,322)


15-64 years: 58.4% (male 31,083/female 31,884)


65 years and over: 3.4% (male 1,554/female 2,088) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish
Airports 1 (2006) 19 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
total: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 15


914 to 1,523 m: 11


under 914 m: 4 (2007)
Area total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 811 sq km


land: 811 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands
Area - comparative about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC four times the size of Washington, DC
Background Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati.
Birth rate NA 30.48 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $4.6 million


expenditures: $4.8 million; including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00)
revenues: $55.52 million


expenditures: $59.71 million (FY05)
Capital name: Kingston


geographic coordinates: 29 03 S, 167 58 E


time difference: UTC+11.5 (16.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
name: Tarawa


geographic coordinates: 1 19 N, 172 58 E


time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline 32 km 1,143 km
Constitution Norfolk Island Act of 1979 12 July 1979
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island
conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati


conventional short form: Kiribati


local long form: Republic of Kiribati


local short form: Kiribati


note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss


former: Gilbert Islands
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 8.12 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $NA $10 million (1999 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Kiribati
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA $27.84 million largely from UK and Japan (2005)
Economy - overview Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few natural resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. Private sector initiatives and a financial sector are in the early stages of development. Foreign financial aid from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China equals more than 10% of GDP. Remittances from seamen on merchant ships abroad account for more than $5 million each year. Kiribati receives around $15 million annually for the government budget from an Australian trust fund.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh 8.37 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production NA kWh 9 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m
Environment - current issues NA heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesian Micronesian 98.8%, other 1.2% (2000 census)
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.2137 (2007), 1.3285 (2006), 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2%
chief of state: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Anote TONG (since 10 July 2003); Vice President Teima ONORIO


cabinet: 12-member cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament


elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among its members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for two more terms); election last held 17 October 2007 (next to be held in 2011); vice president appointed by the president


election results: Anote TONG 63.7%, Nabuti MWEMWENIKARAWA 32.9%
Exports $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92) 0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish
Exports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe (2004) US 22.8%, Belgium 21.5%, Japan 14.3%, Samoa 7.8%, Australia 7.5%, Malaysia 6.7%, Taiwan 5.6%, Denmark 4.6% (2006)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June NA
Flag description three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 8.9%


industry: 24.2%


services: 66.8% (2004)
GDP - real growth rate - 0.3% (2005)
Geographic coordinates 29 02 S, 167 57 E 1 25 N, 173 00 E
Geography - note most of the 32 km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated 21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) 216.4 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities NA foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel
Imports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe (2004) Australia 33%, Fiji 27.1%, Japan 18.1%, NZ 6.9% (2006)
Independence none (territory of Australia) 12 July 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - 0.7% (1991 est.)
Industries tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete fishing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total: 46.02 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 51.03 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 40.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 0.5% (2005 est.)
International organization participation UPU ACP, ADB, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Irrigated land NA NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president
Labor force 1,345 7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 10%


industry and services: 90%
agriculture: 2.7%


industry: 32%


services: 65.3% (2000)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land: 2.74%


permanent crops: 47.95%


other: 49.31% (2005)
Languages English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian I-Kiribati, English (official)
Legal system based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law NA
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)
unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (46 seats; 44 members elected by popular vote, 1 ex officio member - the attorney general, 1 nominated by the Rabi Council of Leaders (representing Banaba Island); to serve four-year terms)


elections: legislative elections were held in two rounds - the first round on 22 August 2007 and the second round on 30 August 2007 (next to be held in 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA, other 2 (includes attorney general)
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: 62.45 years


male: 59.41 years


female: 65.63 years (2007 est.)
Literacy NA definition: NA


total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the Equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (UTC +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line
Map references Oceania Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - total: 7 ships (1000 GRT or over) 28,435 GRT/42,682 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 1, cargo 3, passenger/cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 2


foreign-owned: 3 (Malaysia 1, Singapore 1, Turkey 1) (2007)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ
Military branches - no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands) (2007)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA
National holiday Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) Independence Day, 12 July (1979)
Nationality noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural)


adjective: I-Kiribati
Natural hazards typhoons (especially May to July) typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level
Natural resources fish phosphate (production discontinued in 1979)
Net migration rate NA 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders none Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; Maurin Kiribati Pati or MKP; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG]


note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 1,828 (July 2006 est.) 107,817 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate -0.01% (2006 est.) 2.235% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (may be inactive) (2002)
Religions Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, other (includes Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, Church of God) 8% (1999)
Sex ratio NA at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.028 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.975 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.744 male(s)/female


total population: 0.986 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: free local calls


international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station
general assessment: generally good quality national and international service


domestic: wire line service available on Tarawa and Kiritimati (Christmas Island); connections to outer islands by HF/VHF radiotelephone; wireless service available in Tarawa since 1999


international: country code - 686; Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) 4,500 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) 600 (2004)
Television broadcast stations 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) 1 (possibly inactive) (2002)
Terrain volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs
Total fertility rate NA 4.12 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 0% 2% official rate; underemployment 70% (1992 est.)
Waterways - 5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2007)
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